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If you wish to respond to a paper or other item already published in the BJA, please go to the abstract/full text version of that item and click on the link "E-Letters: Submit a response to the article".

Electronic Letters to:

Clinical Investigations:
S. Galloway and A. Bodenham
Ultrasound imaging of the axillary vein—anatomical basis for central venous access
Br. J. Anaesth. 2003; 90: 589-595 [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]
*E-letters: Submit a response to this article

Electronic letters published:

[Read E-letter] Re: Rib cage or lung pleura interface
Andrew Bodenham   (26 May 2006)
[Read E-letter] Rib cage or lung pleura interface
Mahamoud M Gabal   (18 May 2006)

Re: Rib cage or lung pleura interface 26 May 2006
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Andrew Bodenham

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Re: Re: Rib cage or lung pleura interface

I fully agree with the comments made about the ultrasound appearances of chest wall, ribs and pleura, and the safer site for puncture being more lateral. We have reported this approach in a subsequent clinical series of 200 patients (1)

1. Sharma-A,Bodenham-A-R,Mallick-A.Ultrasound-guided infraclavicular axillary vein cannulation for central venous access. British journal of anaesthesia 2004: 93: 188-92

Conflict of Interest:

None declared

Rib cage or lung pleura interface 18 May 2006
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Mahamoud M Gabal,
radiologist

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Re: Rib cage or lung pleura interface

Dear author in figure 3a - from a radiological point of view and according to line A in figure 2 -the bright structure that you named rib cage may be either rib cage or lung pleural interface. You can differentiate between them by their posterior shadowing as the rib cage has dark shadow and the lung pleural interface has a bright layering shadows with linear comettail artefacts and as you can not ask the patient to catch his breath you may see both of them alternatively so the posterior shadowing is so important .The lung pleural interface carries the risk of pneumothorax if penetrated by the needle then the vein in line C is more safer for puncture than line A and B C

Conflict of Interest:

us models