BJA Advance Access published online on February 20, 2004
British Journal of Anaesthesia, doi:10.1093/bja/aeh101
© 2004 by The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia
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1 Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ishibe{at}grape.med.tottori-u.ac.jp.
Background. Re-expansion pulmonary oedema is a rare complication caused by rapid re-expansion of a chronically collapsed lung. Several cases of pulmonary oedema associated with one-lung ventilation (OLV) have been reported recently. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in pulmonary oedema fluid are suggested to play important roles in its development. Activation of cytokines after re-expansion of collapsed lung during OLV has not been thoroughly investigated. Here we investigated the effects of re-expansion of the collapsed lung on pulmonary oedema formation and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Methods. Lungs isolated from female white Japanese rabbits were perfused and divided into a basal (BAS) group (n=7, baseline measurement alone), a control (CONT) group (n=9, ventilated without lung collapse for 120 min) and an atelectasis (ATEL) group (n=9, lung collapsed for 55 min followed by re-expansion and ventilation for 65 min). Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and the coefficient of filtration (Kfc) were measured at baseline and 60 and 120 min. At the end of perfusion, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid/plasma protein ratio (B/P), wet/dry lung weight ratio (W/D) and mRNA expressions of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)- Results. TNF- Conclusion. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were up-regulated upon re-expansion and ventilation after short-period lung collapse, though no changes were noted in pulmonary capillary permeability.
Laboratory Investigation
Effect of re-expansion after short-period lung collapse on pulmonary capillary permeability and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in isolated rabbit lungs
2 Malaria Vaccine Development Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Disease, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
3 Department of Anesthesia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Abstract 
, interleukin (IL)-1
and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined. and IL-1 mRNA were significantly up-regulated in lungs of the ATEL group compared with BAS and CONT, though no significant differences were noted in PVR, Kfc, B/P and W/D within and between groups. MPO increased at 120 min in CONT and ATEL groups.
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