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BJA Advance Access originally published online on January 24, 2009
British Journal of Anaesthesia 2009 102(3):331-335; doi:10.1093/bja/aen382
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© The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia 2009. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Advance of age decreases the minimum alveolar concentrations of isoflurane and sevoflurane for maintaining bispectral index below 50

T. Matsuura, Y. Oda*, K. Tanaka, T. Mori, K. Nishikawa and A. Asada

Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-5-7 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8586, Japan

* Corresponding author. E-mail: odayou{at}msic.med.osaka-cu.ac.jp

Background: We investigated age-related differences in the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane and sevoflurane for maintaining bispectral index (BIS) below 50 (MACBIS50).

Methods: One hundred and twenty young (≤40 yr), middle-aged (41–69 yr), and elderly (≥70 yr) patients were randomly allocated to one of the six groups. Anaesthesia was induced with isoflurane or sevoflurane in oxygen. After tracheal intubation, we arbitrarily started maintenance of anaesthesia in each group with end-tidal isoflurane and sevoflurane concentrations of 0.8 and 1.2 vol%, respectively. After 10 min at predetermined end-tidal isoflurane or sevoflurane concentrations, BIS was measured for 1 min. MACBIS50 of isoflurane or sevoflurane for each group was determined by up–down methodology.

Results: MACBIS50 of isoflurane in young, middle-aged, and elderly patients was 0.82% end-tidal (95% confidence intervals 0.76–0.88), 0.67% (0.61–0.73), and 0.56% (0.51–0.61), respectively, and that of sevoflurane in young, middle-aged, and elderly patients was 1.28% (1.24–1.32), 0.97% (0.89–1.05), and 0.87% (0.84–0.90), respectively. For both isoflurane and sevoflurane, the MACBIS50 was significantly higher (P=0.002 and 0.001, respectively) in young patients and significantly lower (P=0.02 for both) in elderly patients than those in middle-aged patients.

Conclusions: Advance in age significantly decreased the concentrations of isoflurane and sevoflurane required to maintain BIS below 50. BIS correctly reflected age-associated decrease of end-tidal concentrations of isoflurane and sevoflurane required for maintaining adequate depth of anaesthesia during resting state.

Keywords: anaesthetics volatile, isoflurane, sevoflurane; monitoring, electroencephalography


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Isoflurane is pungent
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British Journal of Anaesthesia, 16 Jun 2009 [Full text]
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