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British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2002, Vol. 89, No. 3 486-491
© 2002 The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia

Laboratory Investigations

Pharmacological preconditioning: comparison of desflurane, sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane in rabbit myocardium{dagger}

V. Piriou*,1, P. Chiari1, F. Lhuillier1, O. Bastien1, J. Loufoua2, O. Raisky1, J. S. David1, M. Ovize2 and J.-J. Lehot1

1 Service d’Anesthésie Réanimation and 2 Laboratoire de physiologie Lyon Nord, Hôpital cardio-vasculaire Louis Pradel, Avenue Doyen Lépine, F-69500 Lyon Bron, France *Corresponding author

{dagger}This work was presented at the 23rd annual meeting of the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Vancouver, Canada, May 2001 (Anesth Analg 2001; 92: SCA39).

Background. Recent investigations showed that isoflurane can induce pharmacological preconditioning. The present study aimed to compare the potency of four different halogenated anaesthetics to induce preconditioning.

Methods. Anaesthetized open-chest rabbits underwent 30 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Before this, rabbits were randomized into one of five groups and underwent a treatment period consisting of either no intervention for 45 min (control; n=10), or 30 min of 1 MAC halogenated anaesthetic inhalation followed by 15 min of washout. End-tidal concentrations of halogenated agents were 3.7% for sevoflurane (n=11), 1.4% for halothane (n=9), 2.0% for isoflurane (n=11), and 8.9% for desflurane (n=11). Area at risk and infarct size were assessed by blue dye injection and tetrazolium chloride staining.

Results. Mean (SD) infarct size was 54 (18)% of the risk area in untreated controls and 40 (18)% in the sevoflurane group (P>0.05, ns). In contrast, mean infarct size was significantly smaller in the halothane, isoflurane, and desflurane groups: 26 (18)%, 32 (18)% and 16 (17)%, respectively (P<0.05 vs control).

Conclusions. Halothane, isoflurane and desflurane induced pharmacological preconditioning, whereas sevoflurane had no significant effect. In this preparation, desflurane was the most effective agent at preconditioning the myocardium against ischaemia.

Br J Anaesth 2002; 89: 486–91


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