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British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2000, Vol. 85, No. 5 700-704
© 2000 The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia

Reduction in standard MAC and MAC for intubation after clonidine premedication in children

S. Inomata1,3, S. Kihara1, Y. Yaguchi1, Y. Baba2, Y. Kohda2 and H. Toyooka1

Departments of 1Anaesthesiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and 2Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. 3Magill Department of Anaesthesia, Imperial College School of Medicine, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, UK,*

We examined the relative effects of different doses of oral clonidine on the MAC for endotracheal intubation (MACEI) and the MAC for skin incision (MAC) in children. We studied 90 children (15 in each group) (age range 2–8 yr, weight 10–27 kg, height 89–124 cm) who received one of three preanaesthetic medications: placebo (control), oral clonidine 2 µg kg–1, or oral clonidine 4 µg kg–1 100 min before anaesthesia. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen and air without i.v. anesthetics and neuromuscular relaxants. The end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was kept constant for >=15 min before tracheal intubation or skin incision. MACs were determined using Dixon’s ‘up-and-down method’. Mean (SD) MACEIs of sevoflurane were 2.9 (0.1) %, 2.5 (0.1) % and 1.9 (0.1) % (P<0.05), and MACs were 2.3 (0.1) %, 1.8 (0.1) % and 1.3 (0.1) % (P<0.05), respectively, in control, clonidine 2 µg kg–1 and clonidine 4 µg kg–1 groups. The MACEIs and MACs decreased dose-dependently. The MACEI/MAC ratio (1.4) was not affected by clonidine.

Br J Anaesth 2000; 85: 700–4

* Corresponding author (at University of Tsukuba)


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