British Journal of Anaesthesia, Vol 80, Issue 4 475-480, Copyright © 1998 by The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia
A. Cervin and S. Lindberg
We have examined the short-term effects of three volatile anaesthetics,
halothane, isoflurane and desflurane, on mucociliary activity in the rabbit
maxillary sinus in vivo. Mucociliary activity was recorded
photoelectrically and the signal processed by fast Fourier transformation.
Administration of 1.0 MAC of halothane, isoflurane or desflurane caused a
temporary increase in mucociliary activity, with mean peak responses of
47.8 (SEM 13.0)%, 44.0 (9.6)% and 45.1 (23.7)% (n = 6), respectively. The
response to all three compounds was biphasic; an initial peak was observed
within 2 min and a second peak at 3-8 min. The second response was not
significant for halothane. In contrast, desflurane produced a significant
second peak while the first was small and failed to reach significance.
Halothane displayed an initial peak within 2 min which was blocked by
atropine but not by the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor antagonist CP-99. The
second peak at 3-5 min was less pronounced for halothane than for
isoflurane or desflurane. The second peak was not affected by atropine
pretreatment, but was blocked by pretreatment with CP-99. A combination of
atropine and CP-99 pretreatment abolished the mucociliary response to
halothane. Atropine pretreatment did not affect, whereas CP-99
significantly reduced, the response to desflurane. We conclude that the
NK1-mediated response was most pronounced for desflurane which is
considered the most airway irritating compound of the three. It is likely
that the size of the NK1-mediated response reflects the airway-irritating
properties of the volatile anaesthetic used.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS
Changes in mucociliary activity may be used to investigate the airway- irritating potency of volatile anaesthetics
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, S-221 85, Lund, Sweden
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