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British Journal of Anaesthesia, Vol 78, Issue 3 274-278, Copyright © 1997 by The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia

CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS

Predominant involvement of motor fibres in patients with critical illness polyneuropathy

E. Hund, H. Genzwurker, H. Bohrer, H. Jakob, R. Thiele and W. Hacke
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Anaesthesia, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

Critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) is a recognized cause of muscle weakness and failure of weaning from a ventilator. In order to characterize the features of CIP, we have examined 28 consecutive surgical patients with severe sepsis using bedside electrophysiology. Of the 28 patients (median APACHE II score 31), 20 developed moderate to severe CIP, as shown by the presence of moderate to severe denervation activity on resting EMG. The median nerve compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes were reduced to 3.24 (SEM 0.48) mV, while sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitudes obtained from the same nerve were normal (13.1 (1.9) microV). In approximately 50% of these patients, the reduction in CMAP exceeded 50% of the lower limit of normal. Similar results were obtained from stimulation of the ulnar nerve. We conclude that CIP is a major complication in patients with severe sepsis and prolonged artificial ventilation. It predominantly involves motor fibres and thus markedly interferes with weaning from the ventilator.
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