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British Journal of Anaesthesia, Vol 75, Issue 3 361-365, Copyright © 1995 by The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia

EQUIPMENT

An evaluation of methods of increasing the flow rate of i.v. fluid administration

M. D. Stoneham
Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter EX2 5DW

I have evaluated in vitro methods of increasing the flow rate of clear fluids through an i.v. cannula at room temperature. These included, alone and in combination: increasing the height of a gravity-fed system; increasing the i.v. cannula diameter, manual compression of the lower drip chamber and the use of pressure bags. Flow rate was measured using a uroflowmeter, which was found to be reliable and reproducible. The most effective methods of increasing flow were the use of a 14- gauge cannula rather than a 16-gauge cannula, which resulted in a 50% increase, and the use of a 300-mm Hg pressure bag with automatic adjustable pressure regulator, which doubled the flow rate. The combination of these two tripled the overall flow to nearly 600 ml min- 1. Manual compression of the drip chamber, despite producing peak pressures of more than 100 cm H2O, was an inefficient method of improving flow compared with an external pressure bag.
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