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British Journal of Anaesthesia, 1990, Vol. 64, No. 6 696-703
© 1990 The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia

research-article

DECAY OF NITROPRUSSIDE. I: IN VITRO

C. J. VESEY, M.SC., M. STRINGER, B.SC. and P. V. COLE, F.F.A.R.C.S.

Anaesthetics Laboratory, St Bartholomew's Hospital West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE

The apparent intravascular decomposition of nitroprusside (SNP) has been attributed to photolysis and artefactual generation of cyanide (HCN) during assay, leading some workers to believe that large doses of SNP may be infused safely if light is excluded. However, we have shown that HCN is not produced from SNP during analysis. Significant amounts of HCN were formed only when SNP was first incubated with blood. The yield of HCN was a function of the temperature, pH and time of incubation. The time for release of 50% of the HCN from SNP 5 µmol litre–1 at 37°C in blood was 26.6 min with > 90% yield in 2 h, and in plasma the optimum pH was about 7.5, A u.v. method for measuring SNP suggests that, at clinically appropriate blood concentrations, SNP is confined to plasma.


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