British Journal of Anaesthesia, 1985, Vol. 57, No. 6 607-611
© 1985 The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia
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RAPID INDUCTION OF HALOTHANE ANAESTHESIA IN MAN
Department of Anesthesia, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University P.O. Box 850, Hershey, Pa 17033, U.S.A.
Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University Hershey, U.S.A.
Department of Anesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, U.S.A.
The cardiopulmonary and anaesthetic responses of nine healthy volunteers, breathing concentrations of 1-4% halothane in oxygen, were studied. Supine fasting subjects breathing room air exhaled to residual volume and then inhaled a vital capacity breath of 1, 2, 3 or 4% halothane in oxygen. After a breath-hold of 30–90 s they exhaled and then breathed spontaneously the same anaesthetic mixture for up to 2 min. The electrocardiogram, arterial pressure, heart sounds and arterial oxygen saturation, were monitored, and respiratory gases were analysed by mass spectrometry. The maximum effect was seen after breathing 4% halothane. All volunteers were amnesic after the first breath and unresponsive to command after 2 min. Little or no excitement occurred. A maximum decrease of 12 mm Hg in systolic pressure was seen while breathing 4% halothane. Bradycardia, hypoxia and clinically important hypercarbia did not occur. At all inspired concentrations of halothane, the end-tidal halothane concentration increased rapidly and was 30% of the inspired value after 1 min. No volunteer found this technique to be unpleasant. Rapid induction of general anaesthesia with 2–4 % halothane in oxygen is effective, safe and well accepted by healthy young adults.
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