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British Journal of Anaesthesia, 1983, Vol. 55, No. 8 719-721
© 1983 The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia

other

EFFECT OF ADRENALINE ON DURATION OF INFRAORBITAL NERVE BLOCK WITH LIGNOCAINE IN THE RAT

S. KIRCHA, M.B. and J. BARSA, M.D., F.F.A.R.C.S.

A double-blind investigation of the effect of adrenaline on conduction blockade was undertaken in six groups of rats (n = 12 or more) using a standardized injection of 0.4 ml of solution into the left infraorbital nerve. All six solutions contained lignocaine 0.25 g dl–1. In groups 1–3, the solutions were isotonic, in groups 4–6 the osmolarity was 0.6 isotonic. Solutions 1 and 4 contained potassium chloride 4 mmol litre–1 but no adrenaline; solutions 2 and 5 potassium chloride and adrenaline 5 µg ml–1 (1:200 000); solutions 3 and 6 adrenaline but no potassium chloride. The presence and duration of sensory blockade was determined from the reflex submandibular electromyographic response to periodic electrical stimulation of the homolateral and contrala-teral upper lips. In groups 1 and 4 (adrenaline absent) the mean durations of blockade (±SD) were 45±24 and 43±19 min. In groups 2,3,5 and 6 (adrenaline present) the durations of block averaged 97±4, 97±38, 105±21 and 2±16 min, respectively. Thus adrenaline approximately doubled the duration of blockade irrespective of osmolarity or potassium chloride concentration of the local anaesthetic solution (P<0.001).


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