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British Journal of Anaesthesia, 1967, Vol. 39, No. 8 647-656
© 1967 The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia

other

STUDIES OF DRUGS GIVEN BEFORE ANAESTHESIA XIII: PENTAZOCINE AND OTHER OPIATE ANTAGONISTS

R. C. HAMILTON, J. W. DUNDEE, R. S. J. CLARKE, W. B. LOAN and J. D. MORRISON

Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen's University of Belfast Northern Ireland

The non-addicting analgesic pentazocine (Fortral) was compared with the established opiate antagonists nalorphine and levallorphan when used in pre-operative medication in female patients. The parent compounds phenazocine, morphine, levorphanol, and pethidine were employed in a similar way for control purposes. In addition, the commercial preparation Pethilorfan which contains pethidine and levallorphan in a ratio of 80:1 was studied. In each comparison the antagonist was found to be a more effective sedative than was the corresponding opiate, but there was a high incidence of dizziness and psychotomimetic effects. The latter were not marked with low (20–40 mg) doses of pentazocine. Emetic sequelae were considered both pre- and post-operatively and the antagonists were all less toxic than the addicting opiates, though all were worse than saline.


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