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BJA Advance Access originally published online on September 9, 2008
British Journal of Anaesthesia 2008 101(5):648-652; doi:10.1093/bja/aen249
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© The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia 2008. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Do the kidneys contribute to propofol elimination?

K. Takata1,*, T. Kurita1, Y. Morishima2, K. Morita1, M. Uraoka1 and S. Sato1

1 Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu City 431-3192, Japan

* Corresponding author. E-mail: kotaro{at}hama-med.ac.jp

Background: Propofol is mainly metabolized in the liver, but extrahepatic clearance may also be important since systemic propofol clearance exceeds hepatic clearance. Recent reports suggest that the kidneys contribute to propofol elimination in humans and here we investigated renal elimination of propofol in a controlled animal study.

Methods: Seventeen swine were anaesthetized with 5% isoflurane induction and 2% isoflurane maintenance. After a left subcostal incision, the left kidney and renal pedicle were exposed by an approach via the retroperitoneum and the renal vein was identified for blood sampling. Propofol was then administered via the right jugular vein at a rate of 2 mg kg–1 h–1. After 120 min of pseudo-steady-state infusion of propofol (Baseline 1), cardiac output (CO) was increased by continuous infusion of dobutamine for 30 min (high-CO state). Thirty minutes after stopping dobutamine (Baseline 2), CO was decreased by bolus administration of propranolol (low-CO state). Blood samples were collected simultaneously from the renal vein (direct puncture) and the femoral artery at Baseline 1, in the high-CO state, at Baseline 2, and in the low-CO state.

Results: There was no significant difference in propofol concentration between femoral arterial and renal venous blood in all states. The propofol concentration significantly decreased with increased CO, but renal extraction was not observed in any state.

Conclusions: The kidneys are a minor site of propofol elimination in a swine model.

Keywords: anaesthetics i.v., propofol; kidney, metabolism; measurement techniques, drug concentration


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Metabolic site of propofol
Daisuke Takizawa
British Journal of Anaesthesia, 25 Feb 2009 [Full text]

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