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BJA Advance Access originally published online on March 1, 2008
British Journal of Anaesthesia 2008 100(4):490-493; doi:10.1093/bja/aen023
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© The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia 2008. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Ketamine gargle for attenuating postoperative sore throat

O. Canbay*, N. Celebi, A. Sahin, V. Celiker, S. Ozgen and U. Aypar

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye/Ankara, Turkey

* Corresponding authors. E-mail: ozgurcanbay{at}yahoo.com

Background: Tracheal intubation is a foremost cause of trauma to the airway mucosa, resulting in postoperative sore throat (POST) with reported incidences of 21–65%. We compared the effectiveness of ketamine gargles with placebo in preventing POST after endotracheal intubation.

Methods: Forty-six, ASA I–II, patients undergoing elective surgery for septorhinoplasty under general anaesthesia were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind study. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 23 subjects each: Group C, saline 30 ml; Group K, ketamine 40 mg in saline 30 ml. Patients were asked to gargle this mixture for 30 s, 5 min before induction of anaesthesia. POST was graded at 0, 2, 4, and 24 h after operation on a four-point scale (0–3).

Results: POST occurred more frequently in Group C, when compared with Group K, at 0, 2, and 24 h and significantly more patients suffered severe POST in Group C at 4 and 24 h compared with Group K (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Ketamine gargle significantly reduced the incidence and severity of POST.

Keywords: analgesic techniques, topical; complications, intubation tracheal; complications, sore throat; pharmacology, ketamine


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E-letters:

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Ketamine gargle
James S Dawson
British Journal of Anaesthesia, 23 Apr 2008 [Full text]
Throat packs may cause more pain than tracheal intubation
Francis E Arnstein
British Journal of Anaesthesia, 4 May 2008 [Full text]
Ketamine gargles for post operative sore throat
Trevor A King
British Journal of Anaesthesia, 9 May 2008 [Full text]

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